EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY

 Pre-print

 Natural Light And Color In Architecture: A Means Of Space Composition In Art Buildings

 Oluwayomi, F. E & Omale, R. P

 2023

This paper highlights the importance of daylight and colours in art galleries and exhibition halls; how both can be fused to enhance the artwork on display with respect to the visual quality among the viewers. Lighting in art spaces if done correctly, makes colour and textures to come to life. Otherwise, it can undermine the impact of artworks on viewer’s impressions. Apart from the quality, the relative position of the light source is also a crucial aspect for exhibiting art. Colour is an important part of art and life. It is a salient tool which can be utilized by artists to engage visitors/enthusiasts with the art. The approach of the interior designer empowers the art curator to tell stories, and to understand the key parameters of lighting art, the principles of daylight systems and colour mechanisms. While four different galleries were considered as case-studies, the galleries were analysed considering their lighting techniques, colours and materials adopted. Comparisons between the artificially and naturally lit areas were ascertained to get deeper understanding of the quality of light usage in art buildings. Findings from this study reveal that though light plays a crucial part in visual judgement by viewers, natural light appear to be more pleasurable than artificial light as it gives natural settings without ambiguity, which artificial light doesn’t. Therefore, an interplay of both natural and artificial light usage in the interior spaces of art buildings remain optimal. The conclusions from this study aim to create a better understanding between art, daylighting and colour, and how it is important in this specific building type. 

 Journal Of Civil Engineering Research & Technology

 Journal

 Comparative Analysis Of Concrete Water-Proofing Materials

 Reuben Peters Omale And Aanu Aderonke Oguntade

 2022

Concrete is porous when exposed to water, because water passes through its pores defacing the concrete and corroding the reinforcements, this overall effect weakens concrete. Waterproofing of concrete is very essential in building parts which are constantly exposed to moisture from ground water and rain water. This study compared bituminous felt with cementitious crystalline waterproofing materials for concrete. In this study, a particular square area of concrete slab was assumed, and a market survey was conducted to determine the cost of purchase and installation of bituminous felt and cementitious crystalline waterproofing materials for the assumed square area. The bill of quantities for both options was done to aid the comparisons and cost of maintenance of both materials. The results of the study showed that bituminous felt was the most widely used waterproofing material, while cementitious crystalline waterproofing material on the other hand is not a very popular material as most building professionals did not know about its existence. The market survey showed that it was cheaper to install cementitious crystalline waterproofing material than to install bituminous felt and the cost of maintenance of cementitious waterproofing material was also negligible compared to bituminous felt. Though cementitious crystalline waterproofing material is new in Akure market, it has a promising future in the construction industry not only in Akure but in Nigeria’s construction industry at large. 

 Civil And Environmental Research

 Journal

 Users’ Perception Of Artificial Lighting In Interior Spaces: A Case Study Of Office Buildings In F.U.T, Akure, Nigeria

 Duke-Henshaw Oluwadunsin Faith & Omale, Reuben Peters

 2022

Lighting is a significant component in interior design due to its ability to enhance aesthetic value and create the feeling and ambience of a living space. The perception of a user is also an important factor to consider when designing the lighting of a space. Seventy (70) questionnaires were administered, and fifty-nine (59) were retrieved for analysis, with a response rate of 84.29%. These were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, version 2021). Data gathered were analyzed using percentage, tables, Dendrogram, K Means, Two-step cluster analysis, and Factor Analysis. The study found that artificial lighting causes glare in some offices having too much intensity for an enclosed space which means that distribution factor may not be considered in computing the number of luminaries. Also, office spaces get dark when all artificial lights are switched off, this is caused by inadequate natural lighting, and positioning of windows. Furthermore, users of the spaces find artificial lighting encouraging and energizing and suggest that change of wall colors and redesign of artificial lighting fixtures based on the task to perform were the major ways to improve the lighting situation in office spaces. This study recommends that natural lighting should be adequately considered when designing a building for visual comfort. Also, the task to be performed in such interior spaces should be ultimately considered during the design of the artificial lighting fixtures. 

 Civil And Environmental Research

 Journal

 Aesthetic Impact Of Wall Finishes On Interior Spaces Of Residential Buildings In Akure, Nigeria

 Duke-Henshaw, Oluwadunsin Faith, & Omale, Reuben Peters

 2022

This paper aims at understanding the impact and value of aesthetics on wall finishes of interior spaces in residential buildings. Two estates were examined within this study in Akure Nigeria; they are Alagbaka and Oba-Afunbiowo estates. Twenty (20) residential buildings were investigated to achieve convenient results about interior residential spaces in Akure. Two types of data analysis were conducted; first, all qualitative data were analyzed by following the thematic analysis protocol, thereafter the assessment of the interior spaces, the analyzed data were obtained from the questionnaires that were administered. The results show that most users apply paints and wall papers on interior walls, while other types of finishes were barely used. The study found that users are not aware of other wall finishes and do not know the impact these materials would create by having them in private living spaces. 

 International Journal Of Architecture And Planning

 Journal

 Assessing The Effects Of The Socioeconomic Variables Of Design Professionals On Income Quality

 OMALE Reuben Peters

 2022

Within this study, the effects of Socioeconomic variables of design professionals on the quality of their income were examined with a view towards ascertaining the quality of life of design professionals. Design professionals in the study refers to architects, engineers and industrial designers/artists, while the socioeconomic variables studied here are age, gender, profession, academic qualification, length of professional practice after graduation, length of residency in the study area and familiarity with the study area. All of these variables were studied in relation to how they affect design professionals’ income. Since a relationship study was carried out between the variables, it required the use of correlation analyses. A well structured questionnaire was designed to elicit information from the design professionals and these questionnaires were administered online to respondents through the respective professional institutions. Correlation analysis using spear man rho and Pearson moment correlation analyses were carried out, while categorical regression analysis was used to predict the socioeconomic variables with the most influence on design professionals’ income. The analyses were carried out using SPSS version 18. The study found that while most design professionals are financially buoyant, their length of professional practice and highest academic qualification portend better income levels, while gender and professional designation have no significant relationship with design professionals' income levels. 

 Journal Of Architectural And Planning Research

 Journal

 ASSESSMENTS OF VISUAL AESTHETIC QUALITY OF ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES OF PUBLIC OFFICE BUILDINGS AMONG DESIGN PROFESSIONALS

 Reuben Peters Omale Abiodun Olukayode Olotuah

 2022

This study entails assessments of the facades of select public office buildings in Akure, Nigeria. Design professionals assessed the visual aesthetic quality of 12 buildings using five architectural features as the study variables: roof design, fenestration arrangement, facade color, entrance design, and innovation in building form. The variables were assessed using five-point semantic differential scales. Previous studies have shown that laypersons and experts have different preferences for aesthetic features; therefore, this study focused on design professionals, particularly architects, engineers, and industrial designers/artists as participants (N = 200). Results showed there are significant differences in design professionals’ quality assessments of architectural features of public office buildings (p = .047). They further revealed that the quality assessments of architectural features by architects and engineers were similar but differed between those groups and industrial designers/artists. 

 Edingurgh Architectural Research (EAR)

 Journal

 Evaluation Of Aesthetic Perceptions Of Public Buildings’ Façades By Design Professionals

 Reuben Peters Omale

 2022

Visual assessments are very relevant in the study of architecture since this is a profession that relies immensely on the visual sense of humans. This study contributes to the understanding of visual perceptions, as well as to the wider field of environment and behaviour studies. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the aesthetic perceptions of public buildings among design professionals with a view towards understanding the mindsets of different design professions towards façade designs. The study considered three types of design professionals: architects, engineers and industrial designers/artists. Two hundred questionnaires were analysed using a mixed methods approach. The variables used in analysing the façades of public buildings were roof design, façade colour, entrance design, fenestration arrangements and innovation in building form. Twelve images of public office buildings in Alagbaka in Akure, Nigeria, were selected for study using random selection and cluster classification methods. A photo-interviewing analysis method was adopted for analysing visual images of the buildings: first-hand visual data were obtained from the study site using digital photographs of each building, and questionnaires were then administered to respondents regarding the images. Data were measured using five-point semantic differential scales, and relevant information obtained through this method was analysed using descriptive statistics, such as frequencies and percentages. Also, inferential statistics using the Kruskal Wallis test was used to determine whether there existed significant differences within the groups of design professionals. Findings from the quantitative analysis showed that there were no significant differences among the groups, although qualitative interview sessions did reveal that while architects and industrial designers/artists exhibit similarities in aesthetic perceptions of public buildings’ façade designs, the perceptions of engineers differ slightly. While these results need to be treated, interpreted and considered with care, design professionals can learn from these subtle differences in the results. The views of each design profession are important during a design process as the final outcome of the design is greatly dependent on the collective contributions of individual professions due to their peculiarity 

 International Journal Of Contemporary Applied Researches

 Journal

 AESTHETICS OF ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAPHY: EXHIBITING INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY IN ARCHITECTS AND PHOTOGRAPHERS

 Reuben Peters OMALE

 2021

Architecture and photography are two major professions that are unique but different with individualistic styles and skills. However, combining artistic skills from both professions can result in a dynamic and visually compelling venture. The aim of this study is to showcase the architectural projects of practicing architects in Nigeria, which have displayed creativity in their design projects through innovation. Guarantee Trust Bank (GTB) is a financial institution that has branches all over Nigeria, and in the past has commissioned several, if not all of its branches to architects to design and supervise such constructions. The bank has a mission of not replicating any of its architectural edifices in any part of the country, thereby making all of its buildings masterpieces in their visual character. This study adopted photography as a method of compiling already completed projects for documentation, exhibition and to stimulate design concepts in other architects, as well as students of architecture that derive inspiration for designs from photographs. The pictures were retrieved online from GTB?S official website and were selected based on three criteria: content, composition and character. Findings from the study reveal that architects and photographers are more versatile and daring in architectural designs as well as photographic shoots; hence both professions showcase innovation and creativity in design. 

 CIBSE LSBU

 Conferenceproceeding

 HARNESSING DAYLIGHTING AND SOLAR GAINS AS SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN METHODS IN MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENTS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA.

 Bukola Grace Ekpeti, Reuben Peters Omale, Chaer, Issa, Mahmoudi Saber, Esmail

 2021

The built environment contributes around 40% of the world’s total carbon footprint, resulting in high building energy costs and pollution, as well as detrimental effects on the environment through the use of engines. Energy consumption can be very high in buildings, especially in mixed-us facilities. This paper seeks to analyse and contribute to the existing knowledge on daylighting and solar gain measures, resulting to a sustainable method of achieving energy efficiency in buildings. The methodology adopted for this study involves the use of case studies of two national and one international buildings of mixed-use typology which were appraised by evaluating and criticizing. Critical analyses of physical and daylighting measures of existing developments were evaluated, pointing out merits and demerits of existing strategies as adopted in the cases. Findings from this study evince that the need for office and residential spaces despite the unavailability of land in Lagos resulted in the concept of mixed-use developments. Also, some daylighting and solar gains strategies have been adopted but not fully maximized in Nigeria, especially the use of light shelves to enhance day lighting. This paper recommends that the techniques to be used to enhance daylighting and solar gains, materials and designs; the placements and orientations, should be determined right from conceptualization, through to the architecture process (design and construction). 

 International Journal Of Research In Education Humanities And Commerce

 Journal

 ASSESSMENT METHODS IN FREE-HAND SKETCHING AND DRAWING RELATED COURSES IN VISUAL COMMUNICATION EDUCATION

 OMALE REUBEN PETERS

 2020

Young academics in the visual communication or visual culture fields have challenges with assessing class works and assignments that are sketch or drawing related due to the highly subjective nature of these courses, such as free-hand sketching and drawings for early beginners in Universities, especially in environments with high students’ population. Assessment criteria may vary from one assessor to another based on experience and ability of the instructor/lecturer to carry out the same project. This appears to be a highly subjective phenomenon, especially where the criteria for assessments are not pre-determined. Within this study, criteria for assessments of drawing related courses are based on the experience of the author as well as other authors in the visual education field, this is so indicated for other instructors/lecturers who do not have pre-determined or well spelt out criteria to have a basis for assessments. Case studies of selected students’ projects using photography to capture cases as well as the approach for grading such projects are presented as the methodological approach for the study. The study concluded by recommending that candidates that are seeking admission into architecture and other similar allied professional courses, ought to have a minimum level of artistic abilities that support sketching and drawing, and free-hand sketching and drawing courses should continue throughout the first three years of study and not just end in the first year as it is practised in most Universities where architecture is studied.